If you’re planning a lush, durable lawn in Georgia, knowing when to plant Bermuda grass is the most important step. Getting the timing right ensures your grass establishes strong roots before facing its first winter or summer stress.
This warm-season favorite thrives in Georgia’s heat, but it needs a specific planting window. Plant too early, and a late frost can wipe out young seedlings. Plant too late, and the grass won’t be ready for the cold. Let’s look at the best schedule for success.
When To Plant Bermuda Grass In Georgia
The optimal time for planting Bermuda grass in Georgia is from late spring to early summer. You’re aiming for a consistent soil temperature at the 65°F mark or higher. This typically falls between mid-May and late June across the state.
This period gives the grass a full season of warm weather to grow. The long, hot days of a Georgia summer are perfect for Bermuda to spread and thicken. By the time fall arrives, your lawn will be well-established.
Why This Timing is Non-Negotiable
Bermuda grass is a sun-loving plant that goes dormant and turns brown after the first hard frost. Its growth cycle is tied directly to soil warmth.
- Root Development: Warm soil stimulates rapid root growth, which anchors the grass and helps it access water.
- Frost Avoidance: Planting after the threat of spring frost has passed is crucial. Young sprouts are very tender.
- Weed Competition: Establishing in late spring allows Bermuda to outcompete many summer weeds as it fills in.
- Drought Prep: A deep root system built over the summer helps the lawn survive Georgia’s occasional dry spells.
Regional Differences Within Georgia
Georgia’s climate varies from the mountains to the coast. Your specific location can shift your planting date by a few weeks.
North Georgia (Mountain & Upper Piedmont)
Here, springs are cooler and frost dates linger. The safest window is often late May through June. Wait until nightime temperatures are reliably above 60°F. Rushing can lead to poor germination.
Central Georgia (Piedmont & Metro Atlanta)
This region has a reliable planting window from early May to mid-June. Soil warms up quickly, providing a long growing season. This is ideal for both seed and sod.
South Georgia (Coastal Plain)
With the warmest climate, planting can often begin in late April and extend into July. However, earlier planting is better to avoid the most intense peak summer heat during initial establishment.
Soil Temperature: Your Best Guide
Calendar dates are helpful, but soil temperature is your most accurate signal. Bermuda grass seed germinates best when soil temperature at a 1-inch depth is consistently between 65°F and 70°F.
You can use a simple soil thermometer. Take measurements for several days in a row in the morning. Once it’s stable in that ideal range, it’s time to plant. Don’t just rely on air temperature—the soil takes longer to warm up.
Preparing Your Site for Planting
Good preparation is 80% of the battle. A well-prepared seedbed makes all the difference for germination and growth.
- Clear the Area: Remove all debris, rocks, and existing weeds or grass. You want a clean slate.
- Test Your Soil: A soil test from your local UGA extension office is invaluable. It tells you exactly what nutrients you need to add.
- Till the Soil: Loosen the top 4 to 6 inches of soil. This allows roots to penetrate easily and improves drainage.
- Amend and Level: Based on your soil test, add any recommended lime or fertilizer. Rake the area smooth, removing any large clumps or grade issues.
- Final Roll: Lightly roll the area with a lawn roller to create a firm but not compacted seedbed.
Planting Methods: Seed vs. Sod vs. Sprigs
You have a few options for getting Bermuda grass into your yard. Each has it’s own timing nuance.
Planting Bermuda Grass Seed
Seeding is the most common and economical method. Use a broadcast spreader for even coverage. The key is good seed-to-soil contact. After spreading, lightly rake the area to cover the seeds about ¼ inch deep. Keep the soil constantly moist until germination, which usually takes 7-14 days.
Laying Bermuda Sod
Sod gives you an “instant lawn.” The same late spring to early summer window applies. The advantage is that sod establishes roots quickly, giving you less time watering. Just be sure to lay it the same day it’s delivered and keep the seams tight.
Using Sprigs or Plugs
This method involves planting small pieces of live grass. It’s less common but useful for smaller areas or specific varieties. Timing is the same, and it requires diligent watering until the sprigs begin to spread and fill in.
Care After Planting: The First Critical Weeks
Your job isn’t done after planting. Proper follow-up care ensures your investment pays off.
- Watering: This is the most critical step. Keep the top inch of soil consistently moist (not soggy) for the first 2-3 weeks. You may need to water lightly 2-3 times a day initially. As grass establishes, water deeper and less frequently.
- First Mow: Wait until the grass reaches about 2 inches tall for its first mow. Never remove more than one-third of the blade height at once. For common Bermuda, a height of 1-1.5 inches is good.
- Initial Fertilizing: Apply a starter fertilizer at planting. Wait about 4-6 weeks after germination for the next application, using a balanced lawn fertilizer according to label rates.
- Weed Control: Avoid using weed killers until after you’ve mowed the new grass at least 3-4 times. Pre-emergent herbicides can prevent seed germination, so they are not used at planting time.
What to Avoid: Common Timing Mistakes
Even experienced gardeners can make errors. Here are the big ones to steer clear of.
Planting in early spring (March or April) is tempting, but cool, wet soils lead to poor germination and seed rot. Fall planting is also a major risk. While soil may still be warm, the grass won’t have enough time to mature before winter, making it vulnerable to cold damage or death. Stick to the late spring rule.
Also, don’t ignore your soil test. Applying the wrong fertilizer can hinder growth or help weeds more than your grass. It’s a simple step that saves alot of frustration later.
FAQ: Your Bermuda Grass Questions Answered
Can I plant Bermuda grass in the fall in Georgia?
It is not recommended. The grass likely won’t establish a robust enough root system to survive winter. Dormancy sets in quickly, halting growth.
How late can you plant Bermuda grass seed in Georgia?
The absolute latest is early July for South Georgia, late June for Central and North. Planting later risks the grass being too immature for its first winter.
Does Bermuda grass grow well in all of Georgia?
Yes, it is exceptionally well-suited to the entire state due to its heat and drought tolerance. It performs best in full sun areas with good drainage.
What is the best Bermuda grass variety for Georgia?
Common Bermuda is fine for general use. For improved density, disease resistance, and finer texture, consider improved varieties like ‘Tifway 419’ (for sod) or ‘Princess 77’ (from seed). Your local garden center can recommend regional favorites.
How long does it take for Bermuda grass to fully establish?
From seed, you’ll see a lawn in about 6-8 weeks with good care. Full establishment, where the lawn is dense and traffic-resistant, takes about one full growing season.
By following this timing guide and care tips, you’ll give your Bermuda grass the strongest possible start. A little patience in the spring leads to a tough, beautiful lawn that can handle Georgia’s summers and look great for years to come. Remember, the goal is strong roots, and that all begins with planting at the right moment.