If you want a thick, resilient lawn in Georgia, knowing when to plant bermuda grass seed is the most important step. Getting the timing right makes all the difference between a patchy struggle and a lush, green carpet. This warm-season grass thrives in our heat and sun, but it needs warm soil to get started properly.
Planting at the wrong time is a common mistake. Do it too early, and cool soil will stop the seeds from sprouting. Do it too late, and the young grass won’t be strong enough to handle its first winter. Let’s look at the best schedule for a successful Georgia lawn.
When To Plant Bermuda Grass Seed In Georgia
For the entire state of Georgia, the ideal window for planting bermuda grass seed is from late spring to early summer. You’re aiming for a consistent period when the soil is warm and the danger of frost is long gone.
The perfect timing is when soil temperatures at a 1-inch depth reliably reach 65°F to 70°F. This usually happens when daytime air temperatures are consistently in the 80s. For most of Georgia, this period falls between mid-May and late June.
Why This Timing is Non-Negotiable
Bermuda grass is a warm-season plant. Its growth cycle is tied directly to heat. Here’s why hitting this window matters so much:
- Fast Germination: Warm soil (65°F+) triggers quick seed germination, often within 7 to 14 days.
- Strong Root Development: Seedlings have all summer to establish deep, extensive roots before cooler weather arrives.
- Full Season of Growth: A May or June planting gives the grass 3-4 months of prime growing time to spread and thicken.
- Winter Survival: Well-established grass goes dormant in winter but has the energy reserves to green up beautifully the next spring.
Regional Timing Within Georgia
Georgia’s climate varies from the mountains to the coast. Adjust your schedule slightly based on your location:
North Georgia (Mountain & Upper Piedmont Regions)
Wait until late May or early June. Spring arrives later here, and soil takes more time to warm up. Nighttime temperatures can still be cool in early May, which will delay germination.
Central Georgia (Piedmont Region, including Atlanta)
This is the core of the state’s timing. Mid-May to mid-June is your prime planting window. The soil warms predictably during this period.
South Georgia (Coastal Plain & Southern Regions)
You can start a bit earlier, from early May through June. The warmer coastal and southern climates allow for a longer growing season, giving you a little more flexibility.
How to Check Your Soil Temperature
Don’t just guess! Use a simple soil thermometer, available at any garden center. Here’s how:
- Check the temperature between 9 AM and 11 AM for a good average reading.
- Insert the thermometer about 1 inch deep into the soil in several sunny areas of your lawn.
- Take readings for several consecutive days. If they consistently read 65°F or higher, you’re ready to plant.
Step-by-Step Guide to Planting Bermuda Grass Seed
Once the timing is right, follow these steps for the best results.
Step 1: Prepare the Soil
Good soil contact is crucial for tiny bermuda seeds. Start by removing all weeds, old grass, rocks, and debris. Till the soil to a depth of about 4 to 6 inches to loosen it. Rake it smooth, breaking up any large clumps. If your soil is poor, consider adding a thin layer (about 1 inch) of compost and rake it in.
Step 2: Seed Selection and Spreading
Choose a high-quality, hulled bermuda grass seed for faster germination. Use a broadcast or drop spreader for even coverage. Follow the recommended seeding rate on the bag—usually 1 to 2 pounds per 1,000 square feet. Sow half the seed in one direction (north to south), and the other half perpendicular to it (east to west).
Step 3: Cover and Protect the Seed
Lightly rake the area to cover the seeds with about 1/8 to 1/4 inch of soil. Do not bury them to deep. Then, roll the area with a light lawn roller to ensure good seed-to-soil contact, which is essential for moisture uptake. Applying a starter fertilizer at this stage can give seedlings a vital nutrient boost.
Step 4: Watering is Critical
This is where many new lawns fail. Keep the top inch of soil consistently moist, but not soggy, until seeds germinate and seedlings are about an inch tall.
- Water lightly 2 to 3 times a day for short periods (5-10 minutes) to prevent the surface from drying out.
- Once grass is established, reduce frequency but water more deeply to encourage roots to grow down.
Step 5: First Mowing and Maintenance
Wait until the grass reaches about 3 inches tall for the first mow. Never remove more than one-third of the blade height at once. Set your mower to a height of 1.5 to 2 inches for bermuda. Begin a regular fertilization schedule about 4-6 weeks after planting, using a fertilizer designed for southern lawns.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Planting Too Early: The biggest error. Cold soil equals no germination, and seed may rot or be eaten by birds.
- Poor Soil Prep: Seeding over compacted or weedy soil leads to thin, weak grass.
- Inconsistent Watering: Letting seeds dry out even once can kill the germination process.
- Using Old or Low-Quality Seed: Always check the date on the seed bag and buy from a reputable source.
- Mowing Too Soon or Too Low: This stresses tender seedlings and can pull them right out of the ground.
FAQ: Your Bermuda Grass Planting Questions Answered
Can I plant bermuda grass seed in the fall in Georgia?
It is not recommended. Fall planting gives seedlings insufficient time to develop the deep root system needed to survive winter dormancy. They will likely be killed by the first hard frost or will be extremly weak the following spring.
What about planting in early spring, like March or April?
This is generally to early. Soil temperatures are still to cool, leading to slow or failed germination. It’s better to wait for the reliable warmth of late spring.
How long does it take for bermuda grass seed to grow?
Under ideal warm conditions (65°F+ soil), hulled bermuda grass seed will begin to germinate in 7 to 14 days. Full lawn coverage and establishment typically takes 8 to 10 weeks of proper care.
Can I mix bermuda seed with other grasses?
It’s not advisable. Bermuda grass is aggressive and will typically out-compete other grass types, leading to an uneven appearance. For a uniform lawn, stick with a single bermuda variety.
Is it better to use sod, plugs, or seed?
Seed is the most economical option for large areas and allows for specific variety selection. Sod gives instant results but is more expensive. Plugs are a middle ground for small areas or to repair existing lawns. For starting a whole new lawn from scratch, seed is often the best choice if you have the time.
How do I deal with weeds after planting?
Avoid using weed killers until after you have mowed the new grass at least 3-4 times. Most herbicides can damage tender seedlings. Hand-pull any early weeds. A thick, healthy bermuda lawn is your best long-term defense against weeds, as it chokes them out.
By focusing on the right timing—when soil is truely warm—you set your Georgia lawn up for years of success. Patience in late spring leads to a summer of vigorous growth. With proper preparation, consistent watering, and smart maintenance, you’ll have a durable, attractive lawn that can handle Georgia’s heat and provide a beautiful space for your family.