If you’re a Texas homeowner, knowing when to plant Bermuda grass is the key to a thick, green lawn. The optimal timing for planting Bermuda grass in Texas is crucial because our unique climate demands precise scheduling for the best results.
Getting this timing right means your grass establishes strong roots before facing extreme heat or unexpected cold. A mistimed planting can lead to a weak lawn, wasted money, and a lot of extra work. Let’s break down the best schedule for your region.
When to Plant Bermuda Grass in Texas
For seeded, sodded, or sprigged Bermuda grass, the golden rule is to plant during its peak growth season. This grass thrives in heat and needs warm soil to germinate and spread.
The ideal window across most of Texas is from late spring through early summer. Specifically, aim for mid-April to late June.
Here’s why this period works best:
- Soil Temperature: Bermuda grass seed needs soil temperatures to be consistently above 65°F, with 70-80°F being ideal. This usually happens in late spring.
- Air Temperature: Warm days (80-95°F) promote rapid growth and establishment.
- Season Length: Planting by early June gives the grass 3-4 months of strong growth before any risk of fall frost.
Regional Timing Differences in Texas
Texas has multiple climate zones, so the optimal date shifts depending on where you live.
North Texas (Dallas, Fort Worth, Wichita Falls)
Spring arrives a bit later here. The safe planting window runs from late April to mid-June. Wait until the threat of a late frost has completely passed. Planting to early in cool soil will result in poor germination.
Central Texas (Austin, San Antonio, Waco)
This region has a longer growing season. You can typically start a bit earlier, from mid-April through June. The warm soil in this area helps grass establish quickly.
South Texas (Corpus Christi, Brownsville, Laredo)
With its very long, hot season, South Texas has the most flexible window. Planting can often begin in early April and extend into July. However, earlier planting is still better to avoid the most intense summer heat during initial establishment.
West Texas (El Paso, Lubbock, Midland)
This arid region requires careful timing due to less predictable frosts and dry conditions. Target May to early June. Ensure you have irrigation ready, as consistent moisture is critical for success in low-rainfall areas.
Why Not Plant Bermuda in Fall or Winter?
Fall planting is generally not recommended for Bermuda grass in Texas. While the air might be cool and pleasant, the soil temperature is dropping.
- Young grass won’t grow roots vigorously.
- It won’t have time to establish before winter dormancy.
- It becomes vulnerable to cold damage and winterkill.
Spring planting gives it the entire growing season to mature and become resilient.
Step-by-Step Planting Guide
Once you’ve hit the right time, proper planting technique ensures success.
1. Prepare the Soil
This is the most important step. Remove all weeds, rocks, and old grass. Till the soil to a depth of 4-6 inches to loosen it. Grade the area so it slopes slightly away from your home for drainage.
Add 2-3 inches of compost and rake it in. A soil test can tell you if you need to add specific nutrients or adjust the pH (Bermuda prefers 6.0-7.0).
2. Choose Your Planting Method
- Seed: Most economical for large areas. Use 1-2 pounds of hulled Bermuda seed per 1000 sq ft. Spread with a broadcast spreader for even coverage.
- Sod: Provides instant lawn. Best for smaller areas or slopes. Ensure seams are tight and stagger the rows like bricks.
- Sprigs/Plugs: Small pieces of sod or runners planted 6-12 inches apart. They will spread to fill the area, which is cheaper than sod but slower.
3. Plant and Water
For seed, lightly rake it into the soil (about ¼ inch deep). For sod, roll it after laying to ensure good soil contact. Water immediately and deeply.
Initial Watering Schedule:
- Days 1-14: Water lightly 2-3 times daily to keep the top inch of soil constantly moist.
- Weeks 3-4: Reduce to once daily, applying more water to encourage deeper roots.
- After Establishment: Water deeply 1-2 times per week, depending on rainfall.
4. First Mowing and Fertilizing
Mow when the grass reaches about 2 inches tall. Never remove more than ⅓ of the blade height at once. Wait 4-6 weeks after planting to apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to support growth without burning the young grass.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Planting Too Early: Cold soil equals no germination. Be patient for true spring warmth.
- Planting Too Late: Grass won’t mature before fall, making it weak.
- Poor Soil Prep: Skipping this step leads to uneven growth, drainage issues, and weed competition.
- Inconsistent Watering: Letting seeds dry out kills them. Overwatering causes disease.
- First Mow Too Late: This can shock the young grass. Mow on time to encourage thickening.
FAQs About Planting Bermuda Grass in Texas
Can I plant Bermuda grass in July?
In South and Central Texas, early July planting is possible but risky. You must commit to frequent watering to combat extreme heat. Later July plantings often struggle to establish fully before cooler fall weather.
What is the best month to lay Bermuda sod?
The same window applies: late spring to early summer. May is often ideal because the soil is warm and the sun isn’t at its most intense, giving the sod a gentler start.
How long does Bermuda seed take to germinate?
With proper warmth and moisture, hulled Bermuda seed typically germinates in 7-14 days. Unhulled seed can take up to 21 days. Keep the area consistently moist during this critical period.
Can I overseed Bermuda with rye in the fall?
Yes, this is a common practice for winter color. Overseed with perennial ryegrass in late September to October, when Bermuda growth slows. The rye will die back as the Bermuda greens up in spring.
What if I miss the spring planting window?
It’s usually better to wait until the following spring. A late summer or fall planting has a very high chance of failure. Use the extra time to perfect your soil preparation instead.
Timing your Bermuda grass planting correctly in Texas sets the foundation for a resilient, attractive lawn. By targeting that sweet spot of warm soil in late spring, you work with the grass’s natural growth cycle. Combine this optimal timing with thorough soil prep and consistent care, and you’ll be well on your way to enjoying a classic Texas turf that can handle the heat and bounce back from drought. Remember, a little patience in the spring leads to a much healthier lawn for years to come.