If you want to add elegant, sculptural blooms to your garden, learning how to plant calla lily bulbs is the perfect place to start. These stunning flowers, with their trumpet-shaped spathes and sleek foliage, are surprisingly simple to grow with the right know-how.
This guide will walk you through everything from choosing bulbs to winter care. You’ll see that with a few easy steps, you can enjoy these beautiful plants in your beds, borders, or containers.
How to Plant Calla Lily Bulbs
Before you put a single bulb in the ground, a little preparation makes all the difference. Getting the timing and materials right sets you up for success from the very beginning.
When to Plant Your Calla Lily Bulbs
Timing depends on your climate. Calla lilies are tender perennials and can’t handle frost.
- In warmer climates (zones 8-10), you can plant the bulbs (more accurately called rhizomes) in the fall or early spring.
- In cooler climates (zones 3-7), plant them in the spring after all danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed up. This is usually around the same time you’d plant tomatoes.
Choosing the Best Bulbs and Location
Start with healthy, firm rhizomes from a reputable source. Avoid any that are soft, shriveled, or show signs of mold.
For location, calla lilies thrive in:
- Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade. In hotter climates, afternoon shade is beneficial.
- Soil: Well-draining soil is absolutely critical. They like rich, slightly acidic soil. They do not like to sit in soggy earth, which causes the bulbs to rot.
Gathering Your Supplies
You won’t need much. Here’s a simple list:
- Calla lily rhizomes
- Garden trowel
- Compost or well-rotted manure
- Balanced, slow-release fertilizer
- Mulch (like bark chips or straw)
Step-by-Step Planting Instructions
Follow these numbered steps for the best results. It’s a straightforward process that yields beautiful flowers.
Step 1: Prepare the Soil
Loosen the soil to a depth of about 12-15 inches. Mix in a 3- to 4-inch layer of compost to improve drainage and fertility. This gives the bulbs a nutrient-rich bed to grow in.
Step 2: Dig the Holes
Dig holes approximately 4 inches deep. Space them about 12 to 18 inches apart. Callas need room for their foliage to spread out without crowding.
Step 3: Plant the Rhizomes Correctly
Place each rhizome in the hole with the eyes (the little bumpy growth points) facing upward. This is crucial for proper growth. Cover with soil and gently firm it down.
Step 4: Water and Fertilize Initially
Water the planted area thoroughly to settle the soil. You can apply a light dose of a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at this time, following package instructions.
Step 5: Apply Mulch
Add a 2-inch layer of mulch around the plants. This helps retain moisture, suppresses weeds, and keeps the soil temperature consistent. Just keep the mulch slightly away from the base of any emerging shoots.
Caring for Your Calla Lilies After Planting
Your job isn’t quite done after planting. Consistent care through the season ensures vibrant blooms and healthy plants for years.
Watering Needs
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Once established, they can tolerate some dry periods, but regular watering promotes better flowering. Reduce watering once the flowers and leaves begin to die back in the fall.
Fertilizing for Fantastic Blooms
Feed your calla lilies every few weeks during the growing season with a liquid fertilizer high in phosphorus to encourage blooming. A balanced fertilizer works well too for overall health.
Dealing with Pests and Problems
Calla lilies are relatively trouble-free. Watch out for:
- Aphids: Spray them off with a strong stream of water or use insecticidal soap.
- Root Rot: Caused by overwatering. Ensure your soil drains well to prevent this.
- Spider Mites: In dry, dusty conditions. Increase humidity or hose down foliage.
What to Do When Calla Lilies Finish Flowering
After the spectacular bloom, the plant will start to yellow and go dormant. This is a normal process.
- In warm climates (zones 8-10): You can often leave the rhizomes in the ground over winter. Cut back the dead foliage and add a thicker layer of mulch for protection.
- In cooler climates (zones 3-7): You’ll need to lift the rhizomes after the first frost. Cut back the foliage, gently dig them up, and let them dry for a day or two. Then store them in a cool, dry place in peat moss or paper bags until spring.
Growing Calla Lilies in Containers
They are excellent container plants! Use a large pot with drainage holes and a quality potting mix. Plant one rhizome per medium-sized pot, or space a few in a large container. Container-grown callas will need more frequent watering and fertilizing. You can easily move them indoors before frost hits.
FAQ: Your Calla Lily Questions Answered
How deep should I plant calla lily bulbs?
Plant them about 4 inches deep. This gives them enough soil coverage for stability and insulation but allows the shoots to reach the surface easily.
Can I plant calla lily bulbs in pots?
Absolutely. Planting in pots is a great option, especially in cooler zones. Use well-draining potting soil and ensure the container has drainage holes.
Why are my calla lilies not flowering?
Several factors can cause this: too much nitrogen fertilizer (which promotes leaves, not flowers), insufficient sunlight, overcrowded rhizomes that need dividing, or a lack of a dormant period. Review their care conditions.
When do you plant calla lily bulbs?
In spring after frost danger passes for most gardeners. In mild winter areas, they can be planted in the fall for early spring blooms.
Are calla lilies perennials?
Yes, they are tender perennials. In warm enough climates, they will come back year after year. In colder zones, you treat them as annuals or lift and store the bulbs over winter.
Do calla lilies need full sun?
They prefer full sun to partial shade. In very hot summer regions, providing afternoon shade will prevent scorching and help the flowers last longer.
How often to water calla lily bulbs?
Water regularly to keep the soil moist. They are not drought-tolerant when in active growth. In containers, check moisture daily during hot weather, as they can dry out quick.
With this guide, you have all the information needed to grow gorgeous calla lilies. Remember, the keys are well-draining soil, proper planting depth, and consistent moisture. Paying attention to these details will reward you with a stunning display of color and form. Whether in a garden bed or a patio pot, these elegant flowers bring a touch of sophistication to any space. Get your bulbs ready, pick a sunny spot, and get ready to enjoy one of the garden’s most beautiful blooms.